What are the characteristics of the best benthic barriers?

The best characteristics of benthic barriers include being gas permeable and opaque. Opaque materials are essential because they prevent sunlight from reaching the bottom sediments, thereby inhibiting the growth of photosynthetic aquatic plants. This lack of light effectively suppresses unwanted plant growth.

Gas permeability is crucial for maintaining the ecological balance in the sediment environment. If a barrier is impermeable to gases, it can trap harmful gases produced by decomposing organic matter beneath it, leading to detrimental effects on the benthic ecosystem. A gas-permeable barrier allows for the exchange of gases between the sediment and the surrounding water, promoting a healthier environment for organisms that inhabit the substrate.

The other characteristics that may seem beneficial, such as biodegradability or flexibility, do not align with the primary functions needed for benthic barriers to be effective in controlling aquatic pests. While flexibility and lightweight materials can be beneficial for ease of installation and manipulation, they do not address the core requirement of being effective in inhibiting unwanted growth and maintaining a healthy sediment ecosystem.